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Jack Gallant: Fluid deprivation, restraint chairs, and electrodes inserted in the brains of non-human primates.

img src=http://www.indybay.org/uploads/2006/12/24/jackgallant.jpg>

Home: Jack Gallant 1057 Siler PL. Berkeley, CA 94705

Office: Professor Jack Gallant 3115 Tolman Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 Lab Phone: 510-642-2606 Fax: 510-642-5293 Email: gallant@socrates.berkeley.edu

Professor Jack Gallant performs invasive single-cell brain recording in vision experiments on Macaque monkeys. Fluid deprivation is used to make them perform eye movements or visual fixations while they are in restraint chairs with their heads bolted still as single-cell activity is recorded invasively with wires sticking into their brains.

From a 2005 Animal Care and Use Committee Document detailing Gallant's primate research and extreme cruelty. "Currently, two projects approved by the ACUC involve regulating water in experimental studies. The projects require regulating the water of the animals during training and recording procedures. The animals are on a schedule that regulates their access to water to daily laboratory sessions of up to 6 hours per day during training and neurophysiological recording. Juice or water rewards are used during these times as a positive reinforcement in shaping the animal to perform the required tasks using operant conditioning techniques… …During this reporting period, nine animals underwent fluid regulation." "Prolonged physical restraint of alert animals is prohibited unless essential to research objectives. All such restraint must be justified to and approved by the ACUC… …The ACUC approved three projects that require physical restraint of unanesthetized animals. The second and third projects involve research that tracks the eye movements of a non-human primate to specific visual stimulation. The animal sits in a specially designed chair, which allows him to freely move his limbs and adjust his posture while in a head restraint. In-chair training is initiated several months before the actual study begins, to allow the animal to adjust to an increasing duration of restraint… …The animals are chaired between 2-6 hours per day, 5-7 days a week for studies which may last up to 3 months… …During this reporting period, nine animals underwent physical restraint."

Yang Dan: Electrodes inserted into cats brains.



Home:
Yang Dan 140 Panoramic Way Berkeley, CA 94704

Office: Professor Yang Dan 230D Barker Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 Office Phone: 510-643-2833 Lab Phone: 510-643-3935 Email: ydan@berkeley.edu

UC Berkeley's Yang Dan has been using and abusing cats and rodents for years in useless "scientific curiousity" visual experiments, like her natural scenes experiment, where she recorded the world through a cat's eyes: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/471786.stm Supposedly performed under sufficient anesthesia, Yang Dan's cats and other animals are paralyzed with a drug, a hole is drilled in their skulls and electrodes inserted directly into their brains. They are placed in "stereotaxic device with ear bars, eye bars and a mouth bar to stabilize the head position." Their eyes are "glued" to "posts." They are subjected to visual stimuli, and the electrical firings of roughly a dozen single brain cells or less are recorded continuously for up to "72 hours" non-stop until the "cortex stops giving normal visual responses." Rats are placed in a "light-tight box, and kept under no-light conditions for 48 hours to 1 week prior to recording," or one eye would be sewed shut. Rats will also undergo fluid deprivation to "motivate" them to perform tasks to test Dr. Dan's "visual discrimination paradigm." The purpose, she claims, is to "understand how visual neurons code and process information" and how "connectivity between them are modulated by visual inputs." From a 2003 paper of Yang Dan's: A total of 18 anesthetized adult cats were used. …Single unit recordings were made in area 17 [of the brain] using tungsten electrodes. Eye movement was minimized by mechanical stabilization. Visual stimuli were generated with a personal computer and presented with a monitor.

Stephen Glickman: Invasive reproductive experiments on female hyenas



Home: Stephen Glickman 1488 Summit RD. Berkeley, CA 94708 (510) 540-0598

Office: Professor Stephen Glickman 3131 Tolman Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 Office Phone: 510 642-5797 Fax: 510-642-5293 Email: glickman@socrates.berkeley.edu

Professor Stephen Glickman describing what he's learned while putting hyenas through a life of hell in an enclosure in the hills north of the UC Berkeley campus: "The external genitalia are highly "masculinized," i.e., the clitoris has hypertrophied to form a pseudopenis, traversed by a central urogenital canal. There is no external vagina. The female spotted hyena urinates, copulates and gives birth through her clitoris." From a November 2005 Animal Care and Use Committee document detailing Stephen Glickman's so-called research: "The project studies sexual differentiation in the spotted hyena. A captive-breeding colony of hyenas is maintained for this research and currently consists of 34 animals. One aspect of the project involves terminating pregnancies at various times to study the sexual differentiation process and its hormonal correlates. Since there are a limited number of breeding females, the investigator has received permission from the ACUC to carry out multiple Cesarean sections (C-sections) on individual females to acheive the minimum sample sizes for statistical validity. The minimum interval between surgeries is 6 months… During this reporting period, 3 hyenas (that previously had a C-section) underwent an additional Cesarean section."

Ralph Freeman: Invasive experiments on cats (Electrodes inserted into their brains)



Home: Ralph Freeman 2340 Vine St. Berkeley, CA 94708

Office: Professor Ralph Freeman 589 Minor Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 Office Phone: 510-642-6341 Lab Phone: 510-642-6440 Lab Fax: (510) 642-3323

From a 2005 paper of Freeman's: "Data were obtained from ten young cats (age 2.5 - 6 months) bred in a closed laboratory setting. …Briefly, anesthesia was induced with an intramuscular injection of ketamine…and xylazine. …During recording, the animal was paralyzed with continuous intravenous infusion of gallarmine triethiodide in glucose saline. The pupils were dilated with atropine hydrochloride… …Animals were refracted, and gas-permeable contact lenses with 3.5mm artificial pupils were fitted to correct focus for a viewing distance of 50cm. A trepanation (hole drilled into the skull) was made above area 17 of one or both cortical hemispheres and the dura (the tough and inflexible outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord) was removed. Animals viewed, via front-silvered mirrors, a 21 inch monitor positioned at a distance of 50cm on which stimuli were presented independently in the two eyes. …In the majority of experiments, neuronal activity was recorded with glass-insulated tungsten micro-electrodes." From another 2005 paper of Freeman's: A total of 14 cats were used in this study. Animals were anesthetized with thiopental sodium (Pentothal) through a venous catheter at a continuous infusion rate determined individually for each animal. …After a tracheostomy, each animal was placed into a sterotaxic frame and artificially ventilated… …A craniotomy was performed over each hemisphere…for recordings in visual cortex. …After craniotomy, the dura (tough and inflexible outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord) was reflected to expose the cortex. During recording, eye movements were blocked with a continuous intravenous infusion of pancuronium bromide. Hydration was maintained by a continuous infusion of lactated Ringer's solution. …Rigid contact lenses with 4mm artificial pupils covered the eyes during recording. After the micro-electrode sensor was positioned over the target brain location, the craniotomy was sealed with agar and a wax coating. Each animal was positioned in front of a system of mirrors that directs the field of view of each eye to separate halves of a cathode ray tube display.

Frederic Theunissen: Invasive and useless experiments on birds at: "Torture for a sexy song"



Home: Frederic Theunissen 2141 Browning ST. Berkeley, CA 94702 Home Phone: (510) 647-5267

Office: Professor Frederic Theunissen 3425 Tolman Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 Office Phone: 510-643-1531 Fax: 510-642-5293 Email: theunissen@berkeley.edu

From a 2006 paper of Theunissen's: Twenty-one adult male zebra finches were used. All birds were bred and raised at the University of California, Berkeley. We recorded the electro-physiological responses of single units in the auditory midbrain region. Two days before recording, a bird was anesthetized… The bird was then placed in a custom stereotaxic with ear bars and a beak holder. Lidocaine was applied to the skin overlying the skull, and a midline incision was made. A metal pin was fixed to the skull with dental cement… On the day of recording, the bird was anesthetized with three injections and placed in the stereotaxic. At this dose, achieves a level of anethesia without complete loss of consciousness. The bird's head was immobilized by attaching the metal pin cemented to the bird's skull to a customized holder mounted on the stereotaxic. Lidocaine was applied to the skin overlying the skull region covering the optic lobe. After application, a small incision was made in the skin over the skull covering the optic tectum. A small opening was made in the skull, and the dura was resected from the surface of the brain. …Neural recordings were conducted in a sound-attenuated chamber. …After recording, the bird was anesthetized with Nembutal and transcardially perfused with 0.9% saline followed by 3.7% formalin in 0.025m phosphate buffer. The skullcap was removed and the brain was postfixed in formalin for at least 5d.

John Casida: Poisoning and slow death of rabbits and rodents.



Home: John Casida 1570 LaVereda RD. Berkeley, CA 94708 Home Phone: 510-845-4956

Office: Professor John Casida 114 Wellman Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 Office Phone: 510-642-5424 Fax: 510 642-6497 Email: ectl@nature.berkeley.edu

John Casida poisons rabbits and rodents with nerve agents (found in pesticides and chemical warfare agents) to find the level at which half of them will die in two hours - the notorious LD50 tests.

Jeffery Winer: Invasive Brain and ear recordings of cats

Home: Jeffery Winer 608 Robinson Way Benicia, CA 94510 (707) 746-7289

Office: 289 Life Sciences Addition Berkeley, CA 94720 Office Phone: 510-642-8227 Fax: 510-643-6791 Email: jaw@berkeley.edu

Frank Werblin: Killer of rabbits

Home: Frank Werblin 491 Boynton Ave. Berkeley, CA 94707 Home Phone: (510) 528-6301

Office: Professor Frank Werblin 145 Life Sciences Addition Office Phone: 510- 642-7236 Lab Phone: 510-642-3281 Fax: 801-640-3205 Email: werblin@berkeley.edu

From a 2005 paper of Werblin's: New Zealand white rabbits were anesthetized with injections of xylazine/ketamine and subsequently killed with an intracardial injection of pentobarbital sodium. Immediately after death, the eyes were removed [and studied].

Mu-Ming Poo: Cocaine addiction and decapitation of rodents



Mu-Ming Poo has addicted animals to cocaine. He also decapitates baby rats.

From a 2007 paper of Poo's: "Young Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized with Sodium Pentobarbital and decapitated. The brain was rapidly dissected and transferred [to be studied.]"

Irving Zucker: Years of useless and cruel experiments on squirrels and other rodents. Squirrels bolted down in stereotaxic devices

Home: Irving Zucker 762 Hilldale Ave. Berkeley, CA 94708 Home Phone: 510-524-4784

Office: Professor Irving Zucker 3129 Tolman Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 Office Phone: 510-642-7136 Lab Phone: 510-642-5292 Fax: 510-642-5293 E-mail: Irvzuck@berkeley.edu

From a 2005 paper of Zucker's: Siberian hamster pups were weaned at 18 days of age and individually housed for the remainder of the experiment. Pineal glands of adult hamsters were removed under anethesia. …Hamsters were secured in a stereotaxic device. A circular opening (approximately 2mm in diameter) was drilled in the skull and the pineal gland was removed with a pair of microdissecting forceps. For sham-pinx hamsters, the circular opening was drilled but the skull flap was not removed. …Pinealectomies were performed under cyrogenic anethesia without the use of a restraining device. A bone flap was retracted and the pineal gland exposed and removed."

For informational purposes only. For more information on the campaign against UC Berkeley vivisection, visit www.pixelexdesign.com/stopcalvivisection